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July 3, 2018 By Chad Clark

What are hydrocarbons?

What are hydrocarbons?

A hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting of only hydrogen and carbon atoms. They are group 14 hybrids, which means they contain hydrogen, as well as atoms of the carbon 14 group; carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead. Carbon has 4 electrons, which means it has exactly 4 bonds to make, to be stable. Another type of hydrocarbons are aromatic hydrocarbons, which include alkanes, cycloalkanes, and alkyne-based compounds. Hydrocarbons can form more complex compounds, like cyclohexane, by bonding to themselves. This is known as catenation.

Common hydrocarbons:Hydrocarbons

  • Methane(CH4)
  • Ethane(C2H6)
  • Propane(C3H8)
  • Butane(C4H10)
  • Pentane(C5H12)
  • Hexane(C6H14)

[Read more…]

Filed Under: News Tagged With: alkanes, biofilm, biofiltration, biooxidizers, bioscrubbers, bioscrubbing, butane, carbon absorber, crude oils, cycloalkanes, ethane, ethyene, hexane, how do we treat hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon, hydrocarbons, methane, natural gases, oil spills, ozone, pentane, petroleum, propane, thermal cracking, vapor combustor unit, vcu, vocs, what are hydrocarbons, why are hydrocarbons a concern

April 17, 2018 By Chad Clark

Sulfur Oxides

What are sulfur oxides?

Sulfur oxides (SOx) are compounds of sulfur and oxygen molecules. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the predominant form found in the lower atmosphere. Sulfur oxide is the common term for many types of sulfur and oxygen containing compounds such as:

  • Lower sulfur oxides(SnO, S7O2 and S6O2)SOx, Sulfur Oxides
  • Sulfur monoxide(SO)
  • Sulfur dioxide(SO2)
  • Sulfur trioxide(SO3)
  • Higher sulfur oxides(SO3 and SO4 and polymeric condensates of them)
  • Disulfur monoxide(S2O)
  • Disulfur dioxide(S2O2)

These molecules are colorless, but have a very distinct and strong scent and taste that can be detected when the gas is of high concentration.

Sulfur monoxide, SO, is a common sulfur oxide compound that is rarely found outside of space. When concentrated or condensed it becomes S2O2, or disulfur dioxide (see below). Under extreme laboratory conditions sulfur monoxide can be produced by treating sulfur dioxide with sulfur vapors in a glow discharge. In spaced sulfur monoxide is detected around one of Jupiter’s moons, Lo, in the atmosphere and in the plasma torus. It has also been found in the atmospheres of Venus and the Hale-Bopp comet as well as the interstellar medium. In biological chemistry, sulfur monoxide may have some biological activity, the formation of transient SO in porcine coronary artery has been inferred from the reaction products. Because it is rare in occurrence it is difficult to fully understand the hazardous of sulfur monoxide but as sulfur dioxide it is both toxic and corrosive.

Sulfur dioxide, one of the more popular sulfur oxides, is a poisonous gas with a smell that is often described as a just struck match. Sulfur dioxide can be can be liquefied at room temperatures under moderate pressures. As a liquid it freezes at -37° C (-99.4° F) and boils at -10° C (+14° F) under atmospheric pressure. Sulfur dioxide, like sulfur monoxide is often found in space. In the atmosphere of Venus it is the third-most significant gas at 140 ppm. Interestingly, on Venus it is a contributor to global warming and is a key component of the chemical reactions in the planets atmosphere. [Read more…]

Filed Under: News Tagged With: catalytic combustion, coal, fossil fuels, GCES, natural gases, oil, scrubber, scrubbers, scrubbing, sulfur dioxide, sulfur monoxide, sulfur oxide abatement, Sulfur oxides, sulfur trioxide, wet scrubber, what are sulfur oxides, what are sulfur oxides used for, what do sulfur oxides do, where are sulfur oxides found, why are sulfur oxides a concern

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Gulf Coast Environmental Systems (GCES) is your custom solutions provider for pollution control systems, industrial ovens, systems engineering and field support worldwide. Our unique approach is to analyze your process stream and business objectives and propose an ideal solution or range of options to help you optimize these objectives. GCES is a one-stop shop: we provide engineering services, manufacturing, installation, commissioning and ongoing support. With our broad base of expertise and large installed global base, we are well-positioned to solve your pollution control issues.

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